Unit 3 practice test: Cultural Patterns and Processes

placemaking is people shaping a place to express their identity and build a shared sense of place. The murals do exactly that.

• The physical landscape of Chicago's Lower West Side: Murals are made by people, so they are part of the cultural landscape, not the physical one.
• Ethnocentrism toward visitors who come to the neighborhood: The murals celebrate the community; nothing in the passage judges other cultures.
• A centrifugal force that divides the neighborhood residents: The passage says residents feel the murals say "this is our neighborhood," which pulls them together.
• Correct: Placemaking: residents shaping a place to show who they are: Right: placemaking is people shaping a place to express their identity and build a shared sense of place. The murals do exactly that.

shared symbols and gatherings pull residents together, which is what a centripetal force does.

• Correct: As a centripetal force that strengthens a shared identity: Right: shared symbols and gatherings pull residents together, which is what a centripetal force does.
• As a centrifugal force that splits residents into groups: The passage describes residents gathering and sharing the murals with pride, not splitting apart.
• As proof that Chicago neighborhoods look much the same as each other: Pilsen's murals make it look different from other neighborhoods, not the same.
• As a physical feature formed by the river near Pilsen: Murals and festivals are human-made culture, not physical features.

a sense of place is the feeling people have about a place and what it means to them. The residents' words state that feeling.

• Pilsen is located on the Lower West Side of Chicago: That is the location of the neighborhood, not what it means to people.
• Correct: Residents say the murals say "this is our neighborhood": Right: a sense of place is the feeling people have about a place and what it means to them. The residents' words state that feeling.
• The National Museum of Mexican Art opened there in 1987: A date tells when something happened, not how people feel about the place.
• Murals are painted on walls, viaducts and schools: This says where the murals are, not the meaning residents give the place.

the passage gives no counts or recent data on residents. You would need census data, with a year, to answer it.

• What kinds of images appear in the neighborhood murals: The passage names them: Aztec symbols, Mexican history, local families and the Virgin of Guadalupe.
• When the National Museum of Mexican Art opened in Pilsen: The passage says it opened in 1987.
• Correct: What share of Pilsen residents are Mexican American: Right: the passage gives no counts or recent data on residents. You would need census data, with a year, to answer it.
• What residents say the murals tell people who visit: The passage quotes them: "this is our neighborhood."

folk culture belongs to a small, close group, is taught by family and community, and changes slowly, as the passage says of the buggies.

• Popular culture, because many visitors see the buggies: Being seen by visitors does not make a trait popular culture. Popular culture is shared by large, mixed groups and changes quickly.
• Popular culture, because buggies are found in Pennsylvania: Being in one state says nothing about the kind of culture. The passage shows a small group keeping a slow-changing tradition.
• Ethnocentrism, because the Amish keep their own customs: Keeping your own customs is not ethnocentrism. Ethnocentrism is judging another culture by your own culture's standards.
• Correct: Folk culture, kept by a small group and slow to change: Right: folk culture belongs to a small, close group, is taught by family and community, and changes slowly, as the passage says of the buggies.

songs shared by huge numbers of people in many places, spread by media and changing every few months, are popular culture.

• Correct: Songs and shows streamed by teens nationwide: Right: songs shared by huge numbers of people in many places, spread by media and changing every few months, are popular culture.
• Neighbors gathering to raise a barn together in one day: A barn raising is a community tradition taught within a small group, so it is folk culture.
• Plain clothing in dark colors worn by Amish families: Plain dress is a slow-changing custom of one small group, so it is folk culture.
• Speaking Pennsylvania Dutch at home with family: A home language kept by one close community is part of its folk culture.

popular culture is shared across large areas, so its stores, songs and styles repeat from place to place, while folk culture keeps places distinct.

• Popular culture is taught mainly by parents and elders: That describes folk culture. Popular culture reaches people mainly through media and business.
• Correct: Popular culture makes distant places look more alike: Right: popular culture is shared across large areas, so its stores, songs and styles repeat from place to place, while folk culture keeps places distinct.
• Popular culture changes more slowly than folk culture: The passage says popular songs change every few months, while Amish ways change slowly, so the reverse is true.
• Popular culture is limited to one county in the state: The passage says the same stores appear in Texas and Ohio, so popular culture is spread over a large area.

both sides of the comparison sit inside Lancaster County, so the scale of analysis is local.

• National scale: the whole United States: The passage mentions Texas and Ohio only to say the stores look alike. The comparison itself is inside one county.
• Global scale: the whole world at once: Nothing in the passage compares countries or the world. The places compared are a few miles apart.
• Correct: Local scale: places within one county: Right: both sides of the comparison sit inside Lancaster County, so the scale of analysis is local.
• Regional scale: several countries in one world region: A world region holds many countries. The passage compares places within one county of one state.