The question
Name: ______________________ Date: ____________ Antibiotic resistance rising in a hospital population (4 points)
Data table
Use of an antibiotic and resistance in a hospital
A hospital recorded how much of antibiotic F its doctors prescribed each year, and tested samples of E. coli bacteria taken from patients with infections for resistance to F. In 2018 the hospital started a program that limited the use of F to infections where no other drug would work.
| Year | Use of F (doses per 1,000 patient-days) | Samples resistant to F (%) | Samples tested |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2012 | 80 | 12 | 410 |
| 2013 | 92 | 15 | 395 |
| 2014 | 105 | 19 | 430 |
| 2015 | 118 | 24 | 402 |
| 2016 | 126 | 29 | 418 |
| 2017 | 131 | 33 | 440 |
| 2018 | 70 | 34 | 425 |
| 2019 | 52 | 32 | 431 |
| 2020 | 48 | 30 | 409 |
| 2021 | 45 | 28 | 422 |
| 2022 | 44 | 27 | 415 |
(a) Describe the relationship between the use of antibiotic F and the percent of resistant samples from 2012 to 2017. [1 point]
(b) Calculate the mean yearly increase in the percent of resistant samples from 2012 to 2017, in percentage points per year. [1 point]
(c) Explain how natural selection produced the rise in resistance from 2012 to 2017. [1 point]
(d) The hospital's managers expected resistance to fall back to the 2012 level within a year of starting the program. Using the data, evaluate this expectation, and explain the observed change after 2018 in terms of natural selection. [1 point]